# V2624. MISRA. The initializer for an aggregate or union should be enclosed in braces.

This diagnostic rule is based on the software development guidelines of MISRA (Motor Industry Software Reliability Association).

This diagnostic rule is relevant only to C-programs. It requires initializers for an aggregate or union to be enclosed in braces. This diagnostic rule can be used for both objects and subobjects.

Exceptions:

- the initializer of the form '{ 0 }' is used to initialize subobjects;
- the array is initialized with a string literal;
- a structure or union with automatic storage duration is initialized with an expression that is compatible with the structure or union;
- the designated initialization is used to initialize a part of a subobject.

Look at the example:

    int num[3][2] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 };

The code contains array initializers that are not enclosed in braces. Here is the correct code:

    int num[3][2] = { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 }, { 5, 6 } };

Take a look at another example:

    struct S1
    {
      char buf;
      int num[3][2];

    } s1[4] = {
            'a', { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 },
            'b', { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 },
            'c', { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 },
            'd', { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 }
    };

The diagnostic rule requires initializers for an aggregate to also be enclosed in braces. Here is the correct code:

    struct S1
    {
      char buf;
      int num [3][2];

    } s1[4] = {
            { 'a', { { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 } } },
            { 'b', { { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 } } },
            { 'c', { { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 } } },
            { 'd', { { 1, 2 }, { 0, 0 }, { 5, 6 } } }
    };

Let's take a look at the following case:

    struct S2 {
      char color[8];
      int num;
    } s2[3] = {
            { "Red",   1 },
            { "Green", 2 },
            { "Blue",  3 }
    };

Here, the character literal should also be enclosed in braces. Here is the correct code:

    struct S2 {
      char color[8];
      int num;
    } s2[3] = {
            { { "Red" },   1 },
            { { "Green" }, 2 },
            { { "Blue" },  3 }
    };

The example of code with designated initializers looks as follows:

    int num[2][2] = { [0][1] = 0, { 0, 1 } };

Here are the examples of code with the initializer of the form '{ 0 }':

    int num1[3][2]  = { 0 };
    int num2[3][2] = { { 1, 2 }, { 0 }, { 5, 6 } };
    int num3[2][2] = { { 0 }, [1][1] = 1 };

This diagnostic is classified as:

MISRA-C-2012-9.2 MISRA-C-2023-9.2